Strategi Komunikasi Krisis pada Era Digital: Penggunaan Internet Dari Sebelum Hingga Sesudah Krisis
Abstract
In recent years, the Internet has evolved into the most popular way for companies to communicate with stakeholders and key public while also changing the practice of corporate communications and public relations professionals. Especially in crisis communications activities that are considered to be more complex in the digital era. Handling of the crisis nowadays is considered ineffective if only using traditional ways, but also requires the use of the Internet within every element of the crisis. The Internet has dramatically changed the way to respond to a crisis. Thus, research on internet usage in crisis communication are getting a lot of scholar attention. But unfortunately, many studies still only focus on internet usage at one stage. This research paper presents an exploratory study conducted to understand how the internet could be used in all stages of the crisis either before the crisis, during the crisis, and after the crisis. Furthermore, crisis communication strategy in the digital age is not limited to the use of the Internet as a medium of communication, but also to note the principles and ways of communicating.
Keywords: Crisis Communication, Internet, Corporate Communication, Public Relations
ABSTRAK
Dalam beberapa tahun ini, Internet telah berkembang menjadi cara yang paling populer bagi perusahaan untuk berkomunikasi dengan stakeholder dan publik kuncinya sekaligus juga mengubah praktik komunikasi korporat dan public relations profesional. Terlebih dalam kegiatan komunikasi krisis yang dinilai menjadi lebih kompleks di era digital. Penanganan krisis dianggap tidak cukup efektif jika hanya menggunakan cara tradisional, namun juga mewajibkan penggunaan internet di dalam setiap elemen krisis. Internet telah secara dramatis mengubah cara untuk merespon sebuah krisis. Sehingga penelitian mengenai penggunaan internet dalam komunikasi krisis semakin banyak dilakukan oleh para peneliti. Namun sayangnya beberapa masih hanya berfokus pada penggunaan internet pada satu tahapan saja. Maka dari itu, melalui metode studi kasus, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana internet dapat berperan di dalam setiap tahapan krisis, baik itu sebelum krisis, saat krisis hingga sesudah krisis. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa strategi komunikasi krisis di era digital tidak terbatas hanya pada penggunaan internet sebagai media, namun juga perlu diperhatikan perubahan pada prinsip dan cara berkomunikasinya.
Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Krisis, Internet, Komunikasi Korporat, Hubungan Masyarakat
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